ʻO nā palakiko e pili ana i nā mea i haku nui ʻia me nā resins (a i ʻole nā monomers i polymerized pololei i ka wā o ka hana ʻana), i hoʻohui ʻia me nā mea hoʻohui e like me nā plasticizers, nā mea hoʻopiha, nā lubricants, a me nā colorants, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ke ʻano i ka wā o ka hana ʻana.
Nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o nā Plastics:
① He māmā ka hapa nui o nā palakiko a paʻa i nā kemika, kūpaʻa i ka pala.
② Kū'ē hopena maikaʻi loa.
③ Maikaʻi ka mālamalama a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu.
④ Nā waiwai hoʻokaʻawale me ka conductivity wela haʻahaʻa.
⑤ Maʻalahi ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hoʻoluʻu ʻana, a me ke kaʻina hana ma ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa.
⑥ ʻO ka hapa nui o nā plastik he pale wela haʻahaʻa, hoʻonui wela kiʻekiʻe, a he lapalapa.
⑦ Ka paʻa ʻole o ka ana, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia.
⑧ Hōʻike ka nui o nā plastik i ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, e lilo ana i mea palupalu i ke anuanu.
⑨ Hiki ke maʻalahi i ka ʻelemakule.
⑩ Hoʻoheheʻe maʻalahi kekahi mau palakiko i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe.
Nā resins phenolichoʻohana nui ʻia i nā noi FRP (Fiber-Reinforced Plastic) e koi ana i nā waiwai FST (Fire, Smoke, and Toxicity). ʻOiai kekahi mau palena (ʻoi aku ka brittleness), ʻo nā resins phenolic ke ʻano nui o nā resins kalepa, me ka hana makahiki honua o kahi kokoke i 6 miliona tons. Hāʻawi nā resins phenolic i ke kūpaʻa dimensional maikaʻi loa a me ke kūpaʻa kemika, e mālama ana i ke kūpaʻa i loko o kahi mahana o 150-180°C. ʻO kēia mau waiwai, i hui pū ʻia me ko lākou pono hana kumukūʻai, e hoʻokele i kā lākou hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā huahana FRP. ʻO nā noi maʻamau e pili ana i nā ʻāpana o loko o ka mokulele, nā liners ukana, nā loko o ke kaʻa kaʻaahi, nā gratings a me nā paipu o ka paepae aila ma waho, nā mea tunnel, nā mea friction, ka insulation nozzle rocket, a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka FST.
Nā ʻAno o nā Composites Phenolic i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka fiber
Nā hui phenolic i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ka fibere hoʻokomo i nā mea i hoʻonui ʻia me nā olonā i ʻoki ʻia, nā lole, a me nā olonā hoʻomau. Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā olonā i ʻoki mua ʻia (e laʻa, ka lāʻau, ka cellulose) i nā hui hoʻoheheʻe phenolic no nā noi like ʻole, ʻoiai nā ʻāpana kaʻa e like me nā uhi pamu wai a me nā ʻāpana friction. Hoʻokomo nā hui hoʻoheheʻe phenolic hou i nā olonā aniani, nā olonā metala, a i ʻole nā lonā kalapona hou. ʻO nā resins phenolic i hoʻohana ʻia i nā hui hoʻoheheʻe he resins novolac, i hoʻōla ʻia me ka hexamethylenetetramine.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea lole i hoʻokomo mua ʻia i nā noi like ʻole, e like me RTM (Resin Transfer Molding), nā ʻano hana sandwich honeycomb, ka pale ballistic, nā panela o loko o ka mokulele, a me nā liner ukana. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā huahana i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ka fiber ma o ka wili filament a i ʻole ka pultrusion. ʻO ka lole a me ka hoʻomaunā hui i hoʻoikaika ʻia me ka fiberhoʻohana maʻamau i nā resins phenolic resole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole ka mea hoʻoheheʻe. Ma waho aʻe o nā phenolics resole, hoʻohana pū ʻia nā ʻōnaehana phenolic pili ʻē aʻe—e like me benzoxazines, cyanate esters, a me ka resin Calidur™ i hoʻomohala hou ʻia—i FRP.
He ʻano hou ʻo Benzoxazine o ka resin phenolic. ʻAʻole e like me nā phenolics kuʻuna, kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā ʻāpana molekala ma o nā alahaka methylene [-CH₂-], hana nā benzoxazines i kahi ʻano cyclic. Hoʻohui maʻalahi ʻia nā Benzoxazines mai nā mea phenolic (bisphenol a novolac paha), nā amines mua, a me ka formaldehyde. ʻAʻole hana kā lākou polymerization apo-opening i nā byproducts a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, e hoʻonui ana i ke kūpaʻa dimensional o ka huahana hope loa. Ma waho aʻe o ke kūpaʻa wela a me ka lapalapa kiʻekiʻe, hōʻike nā resins benzoxazine i nā waiwai i nele i nā phenolics kuʻuna, e like me ka haʻahaʻa o ka omo wai a me ka hana dielectric paʻa.
ʻO Calidur™ kahi hanauna hou, hoʻokahi ʻāpana, paʻa i ka mahana o ka lumi polyarylether amide thermosetting resin i hoʻomohala ʻia e Evonik Degussa no nā ʻoihana aerospace a me nā mea uila. Hoʻōla kēia resin ma 140°C i loko o 2 mau hola, me ka mahana hoʻololi aniani (Tg) o 195°C. I kēia manawa, hōʻike ʻo Calidur™ i nā pono he nui no nā composites hana kiʻekiʻe: ʻaʻohe hoʻokuʻu volatile, ka hopena exothermic haʻahaʻa a me ka shrinkage i ka wā e hoʻōla ai, ka ikaika thermal a me ka pulu kiʻekiʻe, ka compression composite kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika shear, a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi loa. Hana kēia resin hou ma ke ʻano he koho kūpono i ka mid-to-high-Tg epoxy, bismaleimide, a me cyanate ester resins i ka aerospace, ka halihali, ka automotive, ka uila/electronics, a me nā noi koi ʻē aʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-24-2025
