Ke ʻike mākou i nā huahana i hana ʻia maifiberglass, ʻike pinepine mākou i ko lākou helehelena a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, akā kākaʻikahi ka noʻonoʻo ʻana: He aha ke ʻano o loko o kēia filament ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo paha? ʻO kēia mau microstructures i ʻike ʻole ʻia e hāʻawi i ka fiberglass i kona mau waiwai kūikawā, e like me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala. I kēia lā, e luʻu mākou i loko o ka "honua o loko" o ka fiberglass e hōʻike i nā mea huna o kona ʻano.
ʻO ke Kumu Microscopic: "Kauoha Disordered" ma ka Pae Atomic
Mai kahi kuanaʻike atomika, ʻo ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka fiberglass ʻo ia ka silicon dioxide (maʻamau he 50%-70% ma ke kaumaha), me nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, a me ka alumini oxide i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻoponopono i kona mau waiwai. ʻO ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kēia mau ʻātoma e hoʻoholo i nā ʻano kumu o ka fiberglass.
ʻAʻole e like me ke "kauoha lōʻihi" o nā ʻātoma i loko o nā mea crystalline (e like me nā metala a i ʻole nā kristal quartz), hōʻike ka hoʻonohonoho ʻātoma i loko o ka fiberglass"Kauoha pōkole, haunaele lōʻihi."I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ma kahi wahi kūloko (i loko o ka laulā o kekahi mau ʻātoma), hoʻopili kēlā me kēia ʻātoma silicon me ʻehā mau ʻātoma oxygen, e hana ana i kahi pyramid-like"ʻO ka tetrahedron silica"ʻano. Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia hoʻonohonoho kūloko. Eia nō naʻe, ma kahi pae nui aʻe, ʻaʻole hana kēia mau silica tetrahedra i kahi lattice e hana hou ʻia e like me ke kristal. Akā, ua hoʻopili hewa ʻia lākou a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano kūlike ʻole, e like me ka puʻu o nā poloka hale i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, e hana ana i kahi ʻano aniani amorphous.
ʻO kēia ʻano amorphous kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waenafiberglassa me ke aniani maʻamau. I ka wā o ke kaʻina hoʻomaʻalili o ke aniani maʻamau, loaʻa i nā ʻātoma ka manawa kūpono e hana i nā kristal liʻiliʻi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma kahi kūloko, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka brittleness kiʻekiʻe. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, hana ʻia ka fiberglass ma ka hoʻolōʻihi wikiwiki ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana i ke aniani heheʻe. ʻAʻohe manawa o nā ʻātoma e hoʻonohonoho iā lākou iho i kahi ʻano hoʻonohonoho a ua "paʻahau" ʻia i loko o kēia kūlana amorphous. Hoʻemi kēia i nā hemahema ma nā palena kristal, e ʻae ana i ka fiber e mālama i nā waiwai o ke aniani me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika tensile.
ʻAno Monofilament: He ʻAno like mai ka "ʻIli" a i ka "Kumu"
ʻO ka fiberglass a mākou e ʻike nei ua hana ʻia me nā mea he nuinā monofilaments, akā ʻo kēlā me kēia monofilament he ʻāpana hoʻonohonoho piha i loko ona iho. ʻO ka monofilament maʻamau he anawaena o 5-20 micrometers (ma kahi o 1/5 a 1/2 ke anawaena o ka lauoho kanaka). He ʻano like kona ʻano."ʻAno poepoe paʻa"me ka ʻole o ka papa ʻike ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, mai ka manaʻo o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka haku mele microscopic, aia nā ʻokoʻa "ʻili-kiko" akahai.
I ke kaʻina hana kaha kiʻi, ʻoiai ke puka ʻia nei ke aniani heheʻe mai nā lua liʻiliʻi o ka spinneret, hoʻomaʻalili koke ka ʻili i ka wā e hoʻopili ai me ka ea, e hana ana i kahi lahilahi loaʻilipapa (ma kahi o 0.1-0.5 micrometers ka mānoanoa). Hoʻomaʻalili wikiwiki kēia papa ʻili ma mua o ka ʻili kūloko"ʻiʻo nui."ʻO ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ka silicon dioxide i loko o ka papa ʻili ma mua o ke kikowaena, a ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka hoʻonohonoho atomika me nā hemahema liʻiliʻi. ʻO kēia ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi i ka haku mele ʻana a me ke ʻano e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ʻili o ka monofilament i ka paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa i ka pala ma mua o ke kikowaena. Hoʻemi pū ia i ka hiki ke loaʻa nā māwae ʻili—hoʻomaka pinepine ka hāʻule ʻana o nā mea me nā hemahema ʻili, a hana kēia ʻili mānoanoa ma ke ʻano he "pūpū" pale no ka monofilament.
Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻokoʻa ʻili-kikowaena, he kiʻekiʻe ke ʻanofiberglassLoaʻa i ka monofilament kahi symmetry poepoe kiʻekiʻe i kona ʻāpana kea, me kahi hewa diameter i kāohi pinepine ʻia i loko o 1 micrometer. Hōʻoia kēia ʻano geometric like i ka wā e hoʻokaumaha ʻia ai ka monofilament, ua hoʻolaha like ʻia ke kaumaha ma ka ʻāpana kea holoʻokoʻa, e pale ana i ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ke kaumaha i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻano mānoanoa kūloko a pēlā e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ikaika tensile holoʻokoʻa.
ʻAno Hui: Ka Hui Pū ʻana o ka "Harn" a me ka "Fabric" i Hoʻonohonoho ʻia
ʻOiai he ikaika nā monofilaments, ʻaʻole lahilahi loa ko lākou anawaena e hoʻohana wale ʻia. No laila, aia ka fiberglass ma ke ʻano he"hui,"ʻo ka mea maʻamau e like me“ʻO ke olonā fiberglass”a me"Lole fiberglass."ʻO ko lākou ʻano ka hopena o ka hui pū ʻana o nā monofilaments.
ʻO ka olonā Fiberglass kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻumi a i ʻole nā tausani o nā monofilaments, i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia e kekahi"Milo"a i ʻole ke ʻano"ʻaʻole i wili ʻia."ʻO ka olonā i wili ʻole ʻia he hōʻiliʻili wehe o nā monofilaments like, me kahi ʻano maʻalahi, i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka hana ʻana i ka huluhulu aniani, nā olonā i ʻoki ʻia, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka olonā i wili ʻia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua hana ʻia ma ka wili ʻana i nā monofilaments, e hana ana i kahi ʻano wili e like me ke kaula pulupulu. Hoʻonui kēia ʻano i ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ma waena o nā monofilaments, e pale ana i ka olonā mai ka wehe ʻana ma lalo o ke kaumaha, e kūpono ai no ka ulana ʻana, ka wili ʻana, a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka"helu"o ke olonā (kahi papa kuhikuhi e hōʻike ana i ka helu o nā monofilaments, no ka laʻana, ua haku ʻia kahi olonā tex 1200 me 1200 monofilaments) a me ka"wili"(ka helu o nā wili no kēlā me kēia lōʻihi) e hoʻoholo pololei i ka ikaika o ke olonā, ka maʻalahi, a me ka hana hana ma hope.
He ʻano pepa like ka lole fiberglass i hana ʻia mai ka olonā fiberglass ma o ke kaʻina hana ulana. ʻO nā ulana kumu ʻekolu he maʻemaʻe, twill, a me satin.ʻUlu ulana maʻemaʻeHoʻokumu ʻia ka lole ma o ke kāwili ʻana o nā olonā warp a me nā olonā weft, e hopena ana i kahi ʻano paʻa me ka permeability haʻahaʻa akā ikaika like, e kūpono ana ia ma ke ʻano he mea kumu no nā mea i hui pū ʻia.ulana twillHoʻopili ʻia nā olonā lole, nā olonā warp a me nā olonā weft ma ka lakio o 2:1 a i ʻole 3:1, e hana ana i kahi ʻano diagonal ma luna o ka ʻili. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o ka ulana maʻamau a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā huahana e pono ai ke kulou a i ʻole ke ʻano.ulana satinhe emi nā kiko interlacing, me nā olonā warp a i ʻole weft e hana ana i nā laina lana mau ma luna o ka ʻili. He palupalu kēia ulana i ka pā a he ʻili laumania, e kūpono ai no nā ʻāpana hoʻonaninani a i ʻole nā mea haʻahaʻa haʻalulu.
Inā he olonā a lole paha, ʻo ke kumu o ka hoʻonohonoho hui ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o"1+1>2"ma o ka hui pū ʻana o nā monofilaments. Hāʻawi nā monofilaments i ka ikaika kumu, ʻoiai ʻo ke ʻano hui pū e hāʻawi i ka mea i nā ʻano like ʻole, ka maʻalahi, a me ka hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana e hoʻokō i nā pono like ʻole, mai ka insulation thermal a i ka hoʻoikaika kino.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-16-2025
