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Nā microspheres aniani hakahakaa me kā lākou mau mea i hui pū ʻia

ʻO nā mea lana paʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe no nā noi kai hohonu, ua hana ʻia me nā mea hoʻoponopono lana (nā microspheres hakahaka) a me nā composites resin ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, loaʻa i kēia mau mea nā densities o 0.4-0.6 g/cm³ a ​​me nā ikaika compressive o 40-100 MPa, a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lako kai hohonu like ʻole. ʻO nā microspheres hakahaka he mau mea kūkulu kūikawā i piha i ke kinoea. Ma muli o kā lākou ʻano mea, ua māhele nui ʻia lākou i nā microspheres composite organik a me nā microspheres composite inorganic. ʻOi aku ka hana o ka noiʻi ʻana i nā microspheres composite organik, me nā hōʻike e pili ana i nā microspheres hakahaka polystyrene a me nā microspheres hakahaka polymethyl methacrylate. ʻO nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomākaukau i nā microspheres inorganic e komo pū me ke aniani, nā keramika, nā borates, ke kalapona, a me nā cenospheres lehu lele.

Nā Microspheres Aniani Hollow: Wehewehena a me ka Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana

ʻO nā microspheres aniani hakahaka kahi ʻano hou o ka mea micropowder spherical non-metallic inorganic me nā waiwai maikaʻi loa e like me ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana, ke ʻano poepoe, ke kaumaha māmā, ka pale leo, ka pale wela, ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, a me ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā microspheres aniani hakahaka i nā mea aerospace, nā mea mālama hydrogen, nā mea buoyancy paʻa, nā mea hoʻopaʻa wela, nā mea kūkulu hale, a me nā pena a me nā uhi. Ua māhele ʻia lākou i ʻelua mau ʻāpana:

① Hiki ke loaʻa nā Cenospheres, i haku ʻia me SiO2 a me nā oxides metala, mai ka lehu lele i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hana mana ma nā hale hana mana wela. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o nā cenospheres, he haʻahaʻa ko lākou maʻemaʻe, kahi ākea o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka nui o nā ʻāpana, a ʻoi aku hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻāpana ma mua o 0.6 g/cm3, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i mea kūpono ʻole no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea lana no nā noi kai hohonu.

② Nā microspheres aniani i hana ʻia me ke akamai, nona ka ikaika, ka nui, a me nā waiwai physicochemical ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā palena hana a me nā ʻano mea maka. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai, he ākea ka laulā o kā lākou hoʻohana.

Nā ʻano o nā Microspheres Aniani Hollow

ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā microspheres aniani hakahaka i nā mea buoyancy paʻa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ko lākou mau ʻano maikaʻi loa.

①Nā microspheres aniani hakahakahe ʻano hakahaka ko loko, e hopena ana i ke kaumaha māmā, ka haʻahaʻa o ka density, a me ka haʻahaʻa o ka conductivity thermal. ʻAʻole wale kēia e hōʻemi nui i ka density o nā mea composite akā hāʻawi pū iā lākou me ka insulation thermal maikaʻi loa, insulation leo, insulation uila, a me nā waiwai optical.

② He poepoe ke ʻano o nā microspheres aniani hakahaka, nona nā pono o ka porosity haʻahaʻa (mea hoʻopihapiha kūpono) a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka omo ʻana o ka polymer e nā spheres, no laila he liʻiliʻi ka hopena i ke kahe a me ka viscosity o ka matrix. ʻO kēia mau ʻano e hopena i kahi hoʻolaha koʻikoʻi kūpono i loko o ka mea i hui pū ʻia, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i kona paʻakikī, ka paʻakikī, a me ke kūpaʻa o ka dimensional.

③ He ikaika kiʻekiʻe ko nā microspheres aniani hakahaka. ʻO ke kumu, he mau ʻāpana lahilahi nā microspheres aniani hakahaka, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ke aniani ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana nui o ka pūpū, e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻonui kēia i ka ikaika o ka mea i hui pū ʻia me ka mālama ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Nā ʻAno Hoʻomākaukau o nā Microspheres Aniani Hollow
ʻEkolu mau ʻano hoʻomākaukau nui:
① Ke ʻano pauka. Hoʻowali mua ʻia ka matrix aniani, hoʻohui ʻia kahi mea hoʻohua, a laila hoʻokomo ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma o kahi umu wela kiʻekiʻe. Ke palupalu a heheʻe paha nā ʻāpana, hoʻopuka ʻia ke kinoea i loko o ke aniani. I ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kinoea, lilo nā ʻāpana i mau poepoe hakahaka, a laila hōʻiliʻili ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻokaʻawale cyclone a i ʻole ka kānana ʻeke.

② Ke ʻano kulu. Ma kekahi mahana, hoʻomaloʻo ʻia kahi hopena e loaʻa ana kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa a hoʻomehana ʻia paha i loko o ka umu kū wela kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā microspheres alkaline kiʻekiʻe.

③ Ke ʻano gel maloʻo. Hoʻohana kēia ʻano i nā alkoxides organik ma ke ʻano he mea maka a pili i ʻekolu mau kaʻina hana: ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i kahi gel maloʻo, ka pulverizing, a me ka huʻa ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i nā ʻano ʻekolu kekahi mau hemahema: ʻo ke ʻano pauka e hana i nā helu hoʻokumu bead haʻahaʻa, ʻo ke ʻano kulu e hana i nā microspheres me ka ikaika haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ke ʻano gel maloʻo he kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o nā mea maka.

ʻO ka Substrate Composite Material Microsphere Hollow Glass a me ke ʻano Composite

No ke hana ʻana i kahi mea buoyancy paʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe menā microspheres aniani hakahaka, pono i ka mea matrix ke loaʻa nā waiwai maikaʻi loa, e like me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka viscosity haʻahaʻa, a me ka lubricity maikaʻi me nā microspheres. ʻO nā mea matrix i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia manawa e komo pū me ka epoxy resin, polyester resin, phenolic resin, a me ka silicone resin. Ma waena o kēia mau mea, ʻo ka epoxy resin ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana maoli ma muli o kona ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka omo wai haʻahaʻa, a me ka hoʻēmi haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā microspheres aniani me nā mea matrix ma o nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe e like me ka hoʻolei ʻana, ka impregnation vacuum, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana, a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka compression. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūlana interfacial ma waena o nā microspheres a me ka matrix, pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻili o nā microspheres, no laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana holoʻokoʻa o ka mea composite.