ʻO nā olonā ka mea i hoʻomalu ʻia e nā ʻano kino o nā mea i hui pū ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, i ka wā e hui pū ʻia ai ka resin a me nā olonā, ua like loa ko lākou mau ʻano me nā olonā pākahi. Hōʻike nā ʻikepili hoʻāʻo ʻo nā mea i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka olonā nā ʻāpana e hāpai ana i ka hapa nui o ke kaumaha. No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana i ka lole i ka wā e hoʻolālā ai i nā hale i hui pū ʻia.
E hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina hana ma ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoikaika e pono ai i kāu papahana. Hiki i nā mea hana maʻamau ke koho mai ʻekolu mau mea hoʻoikaika maʻamau: fiber aniani, fiber kalapona a me Kevlar® (fiber aramid). ʻO nā fiber aniani ke koho maʻamau, ʻoiai ʻo nā fiber kalapona e hāʻawi i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o Kevlar®. E hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻano lole i loko o nā laminates e hana i nā puʻu hybrid me nā pono o nā mea he nui a ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi.
Ke hoʻoholo ʻoe i kahi hōʻiliʻili lole, e koho i ke kaumaha a me ke ʻano ulana e kūpono i nā pono o kāu hana. ʻO ka māmā o ka auneke o ka lole, ʻo ka maʻalahi ka uhi ʻana ma luna o nā ʻili contour kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pū ka māmā i ka resin liʻiliʻi, no laila ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka laminate holoʻokoʻa. Ke kaumaha nā lole, lilo lākou i mea palupalu. Mālama ke kaumaha waena i ka lawa ʻana o ka palupalu e uhi i ka hapa nui o nā contours, a hāʻawi nui lākou i ka ikaika o ka ʻāpana. He waiwai nui lākou a hana i nā ʻāpana ikaika a māmā no nā noi kaʻa, moana a me nā ʻoihana. ʻO nā rovings ulana he mau mea hoʻoikaika kaumaha i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hana moku a me ka hana ʻana i ka mold.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka ulana ʻana o kahi lole e manaʻo ʻia ai kona ʻano a i ʻole kona kaila. E koho mai i ʻekolu mau kaila ulana maʻamau: maʻamau, satin a me ka twill. ʻO nā kaila ulana maʻamau ka mea makepono loa a ʻaʻole maʻalahi loa, akā paʻa maikaʻi lākou i ka wā e ʻoki ʻia ai. ʻO ke keʻa pinepine ʻana o nā kaula i luna/i lalo e hōʻemi ana i ka ikaika o ka ulana maʻamau, ʻoiai ua lawa nō lākou no nā noi āpau koe wale nō ka hana kiʻekiʻe loa.
ʻOi aku ka palupalu a me ka ikaika o ka ulana satin a me ka twill ma mua o ka ulana maʻamau. I ka ulana satin, lana kekahi kaula weft ma luna o ʻekolu a ʻehiku mau kaula warp ʻē aʻe a laila humuhumu ʻia ma lalo o kekahi. Ma kēia ʻano ulana wehe, holo ka kaula i ka lōʻihi, e mālama ana i ka ikaika kumumanaʻo o ke olonā. Hāʻawi ka ulana twill i kahi ʻaelike ma waena o ke ʻano satin a me ke ʻano maʻamau, me ka hopena hoʻonaninani herringbone i makemake pinepine ʻia.
Manaʻo ʻenehana: No ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka palupalu i ka lole, e ʻoki iā ia mai ka ʻōwili ma kahi kihi 45-degere. Ke ʻoki ʻia ma kēia ʻano, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana o nā lole ʻino loa ma luna o ke kiʻi.
Hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka fiberglass
ʻO ka Fiberglass ke kumu o ka ʻoihana composites. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā noi composite he nui mai ka makahiki 1950 a ua maopopo maikaʻi kona mau waiwai kino. He māmā ka Fiberglass, he ikaika tensile a me ka compressive kūpono, hiki ke kū i ka pōʻino a me nā ukana cyclic, a he maʻalahi hoʻi e lawelawe.
ʻO ka Fiberglass ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia o nā mea hui āpau i loaʻa. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia ma muli o kona kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa a me nā ʻano kino kūpono. He mea maikaʻi ka Fiberglass no nā papahana o kēlā me kēia lā a me nā ʻāpana ʻaʻole pono ka nui o ka lole fiber i hoʻohui ʻia i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa.
No ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā waiwai ikaika o ka fiberglass, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka epoxy a hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana lamination maʻamau. He kūpono ia no nā noi ma nā ʻoihana kaʻa, moana, kūkulu hale, kemika a me nā mokulele, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā waiwai haʻuki.
Hoʻoikaika Kevlar®
ʻO Kevlar® kekahi o nā olonā synthetic ikaika mua loa i loaʻa ka ʻae ʻia i ka ʻoihana plastics i hoʻoikaika ʻia i ka fiber (FRP). He māmā ka Kevlar® papa composite, he ikaika tensile kūikawā maikaʻi loa, a ua manaʻo ʻia he kūpaʻa loa i ka hopena a me ka abrasion. ʻO nā noi maʻamau e pili ana i nā ʻili māmā e like me nā kayaks a me nā waʻa, nā panela fuselage mokulele a me nā moku kaomi, nā mīkina lima pale ʻoki, nā pale kino, a me nā mea hou aku. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Kevlar® me nā resins epoxy a vinyl ester paha.
Hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kaula kalapona
ʻOi aku ma mua o 90% kalapona ka fiber kalapona a ʻoi aku ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe loa i ka ʻoihana FRP. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika compressive a me ka flexural kiʻekiʻe loa i ka ʻoihana. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana, hui pū kēia mau fibers e hana i nā hoʻoikaika fiber kalapona e like me nā lole, nā tows, a me nā mea hou aku. Hāʻawi ka hoʻoikaika fiber kalapona i ka ikaika kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī, a ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ma mua o nā hoʻoikaika fiber ʻē aʻe.
No ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā waiwai ikaika o ke kaula kalapona, pono e hoʻohana ʻia me ka epoxy a hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana lamination maʻamau. He kūpono ia no nā noi ma ke kaʻa, ke kai a me ka aerospace, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā waiwai haʻuki.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-19-2022
